Cuba Overview

Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba (Spanish: República de Cuba), is an island surrounded by the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Mexico to the east, Florida (USA) and the Bahamas to the south, and Haiti, Jamaica and the Cayman Islands to the west. country. Cuba's capital and largest city is Havana. Santiago and Camagüey are the other two major cities. With a land area of ​​110,860 kilometers and a population of over 11 million, Cuba is the second-largest Caribbean country after Haiti (Hispaniola).

A Brief History of Cuba

From the 4th to the 15th century BC, the local Ciboney and Taino people lived in Cuba, which is culturally considered a part of Latin America. Spanish colonization dominated the region in the 15th century. Many African slaves were brought to the island during the Spanish colonial period. After the Spanish-American War of 1898, America invaded Cuba, and a Cuban State was established, effectively under the protection of the USA. Cuba, which continued its existence as a fragile Republic until the communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro was established in 1959, went through troubled processes such as corruption and repression under Fulgencio Batista. Cuba has been ruled by the Communist Party of Cuba since 1965, and today it is still one of the few states in the world that has a Marxist-Leninist form of government constitutionally.

Climate in Cuba

The climate on the island south of the Tropic of Cancer is tropical. Northeast winds blowing throughout the year dominate the island and are an important factor shaping the climate. Caribbean currents and warm water currents coming from the Equator are other important factors in shaping the island's climate. These factors allow Cuba to have a warmer climate than Hong Kong, which is at the same latitude as Cuba. The average temperature is 21 ° C. In short, the climate in Cuba creates a suitable environment for coffee cultivation.

Coffee Production in Cuba

In the 18th century, with the support of Cuban farmers by French farmers who fled after the Haitian revolution, coffee production started in the farms in the western part of Cuba. Coffee production became widespread in the eastern part of Cuba and then throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. In 1950, coffee production peaked with 20 000 tons in Cuba. After the Cuban revolution and the nationalization of the coffee industry in 1959, foreign demand fell, especially with the US embargo, and accordingly, production fell. Today, more than 90% of the coffee farms in Cuba are in the Sierra Maestra Mountains Region. The seeds of  CERRANO LAVADO - Cuba coffee are produced by traditional farming methods in farms located at 1200 meters altitude in the Sierra Maestra mountain range and harvested by traditional harvesting methods. Its variety is Typica and it has been fermented by wet processing. Harvest season is October - November. All coffees produced in Cuba are exported by the Cubaexport public company.