Vietnam Overview

It is a country located in the east of the China Peninsula of Southeast Asia, officially the Vietnam Socialist Republic. China lies to the north, Cambodia, and Laos to the west, and the South China Sea to the south. Divided into two separate republics as North Vietnam and South Vietnam in 1955, the country was reunited as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1976. Vietnam is a mountainous country. Song-Koi and Mekong deltas are important lowlands. Coastal plains are located in the east. Most of the remaining land is forested and mountainous.

A Brief History of Vietnam

Vietnam was colonized by France in the 19th century as Indochina (Cambodia-Laos-Vietnam). The people, who were mostly peasants, reacted against the French government as they were from their lands. Although there were nationalist uprisings in between, no success was achieved. Vietminh, the independence movement league against the authority weakened by Japan's invasion of Vietnam, declared a republic on September 2, 1945. This brought France to Vietnamese communist leader Ho Chi Minh. France, which had connections in Moscow, received weapons support from China, and could not stand against Ho Chi Minh, known for Mao Zedong's successful guerrilla action tactics against the Kuomintang, surrendered in May 1954. In 1956, Vietnam was divided into two to be reunited by-election. The communist government of Ho Chi Minh in the north and the government of Ngo Dinh Diem, backed by France in the south, were established, but the election did not take place. The government in Saigon followed an authoritarian policy backed by the USA. This led to increased reactions in the south, and the Vietcong front, which received weapon support from the north, was established and the civil war, including the United States, began. Although the American soldiers were technically superior, they did not have much chance against guerrilla tactics they were not used to in a place where they did not know the geography. In 1968, the Vietcong launched the "Tet" offensive, although a ceasefire was declared in 1973, the war soon resumed. It finally ended on April 30, 1975, when the Vietcong captured Saigon.

Geography in Vietnam

Having a long coast in the South China Sea, Vietnam has an area of ​​331,200 square kilometers. Laos, Cambodia, and China are land border neighbors. The Song-Koi and Mekong deltas of Vietnam, which are mostly mountainous and forested geography, form important lowlands. The large coastal plains are located in the east of the country.

Climate in Vietnam

A tropical climate prevails in Vietnam. Temperatures in the north in summer are not much different from those in the south. Temperatures during this season range from 27 ° C to 38 ° C in Hanoi and Saigon. … But due to the droughts and floods that Vietnam often encounters, precipitation varies between 1220 mm and 2240 mm per year.

Coffee Production in Vietnam

Coffee production, which started under French influence in 1857, has become one of the most important sources of income for Vietnam today. Vietnam has become one of the most uniquely Robusta coffee producing countries in the world. The first instant coffee facility was established in Dong Nai province in 1969 with a production capacity of 80 thousand tons. Intensive coffee cultivation and cultivation are carried out in the highlands of the country. Robusta coffee accounts for 97% of Vietnam's coffee production and is the second-largest coffee producing country in the world after Brazil.